Book

Charles Darwin was a man who spent his life in curiosity of the natural world. As a child he was influenced by his father who was a very free thinker, and inheriting that trait was essential in Charles development because taking the risk of challenging the church would have discouraged him otherwise. Darwin’s most influential piece of work was his book The Origin of Species, because it was a text that provided the foundation of evolutionary biology and is a text that has made Charles Darwin a household name to this day. Here is summary of theory he introduced in this book in my own words: 

The book introduced the idea of natural selection. Natural Selection is simply the theory that organisms that are more likely to adapt to their surroundings are more likely to survive and reproduce. This law of nature is what allows certain species to grow in population and become more dominant, and other species to evolve their characteristics over time in order to survive. He explains natural selection through the example of artificial selection. Farmers choose what livestock survives on their farms. They plant seeds for the plants they want more of, and provide ideal growing conditions in order to ensure that particular livestock is healthy and in abundance. In this case, the farmers are providing the right conditions for their intended livestock to grow, and without those conditions being met the livestock may not survive. The same is done when famers choose to breed their animals - they are providing the right conditions for particular organisms to reproduce with each other. In the same way, mother nature provides these conditions in the natural world. Nature is what determines these conditions. But in nature, all organisms have to fight to survive. Organisms do what they can to meet those conditions themselves, and the ones that can’t meet those conditions die. This fight for survival over time leads to evolution, because after enough time an organism will perform the same actions over and over again in order to survive, and their bodies adapt to perform these actions. And because there’s so many methods of survival, over enough time species evolve so much so that they become distinctly different from its counter parts that live in different conditions. And over enough time, these species can evolve into entirely different species.